does logging reduce forest fires

A common assumption is that logging, or removing some trees, would prevent fires. Under these extreme conditions suppression efforts are largely ineffective.”. Anatol Lieven on the U.S. Legacy and the Taliban’s Rise, Four CEO Pay-Related Taxes in Play on Capitol Hill, Notes on a Cold-Hearted Labor Day in San Francisco, To End White Supremacy, Liberals Must Surrender Liberalism to the Absolute of Love, The Climate Crisis is a National Emergency, 9/11 at 20: Two Decades of Missed Opportunities, How the Supreme Court Legalized Lynch-Mob Justice, Exile, Then and Now: From the Iron Curtain to the Afghan Diaspora, Hurricane Ida Showed Us that Our Infrastructure Isn’t Ready for Climate Change. Happy 20th Anniversary. Legendary forest fires in the late 1800s like the Peshtigo Fire of 1871 bolstered the argument by early conservationists like Franklin Hough and Bernhard Fernow that forest fires threatened future commercial timber supplies. Also, while fuels treatment such as forest thinning and … 5. Moreover, while fully preventing forest fires is impossible—given inevitable lightning strikes and widespread human interactions—reducing the amount of fuels in the forest could significantly reduce the size and severity of the fires that will eventually occur. Millions of acres are in need of treatment, and this work— once completed—must be repeated over the years. One federal forestry project, ostensibly an attempt to reduce the risk of fire in Arizona’s Sitgreaves National Forest through commercial thinning, was allowed to … “It’s like creating a false perception of me being against them or them being against me, and that’s completely incorrect.”. James K. Agee, an expert in the emergent field of fire ecology, analyzes the ecological role of fire in the creation and maintenance of natural western forests, focusing primarily on forest stand development patterns. Planning for Open Spaces. One tool the Forest Service uses to help reduce the risk of uncharacteristically severe wildland fires, such as the Carlton-Complex, is the thinning of densely growing forest stands. Many of my friends, acquaintances, and sources in Missoula work for companies that receive government contracts: to survey hillsides, to slash and log the understory, to replant land with seedlings. Since late August, Montana Rep. Greg Gianforte and Senator Steve Daines have been beating the drum advocating for increased logging on federally managed public lands. Wildfire there is “not going to happen often, but when it does, my heavens, the impacts are so great.”, The governor’s wildfire council put forth a set of recommendations this year that. If harvesting declines, tree mortality and fires increase. These reduced-impact … “There’s a lot of good burning going on right now,” he says. An analysis by OPB and ProPublica shows last month’s fires burned as intensely on private forests with large-scale logging operations as they did, on average, on federal lands that cut fewer trees. An encyclopedia designed especially to meet the needs of elementary, junior high, and high school students. Sales benefit Oregon Wild, a leading advocate for the region's most precious wilderness areas Natural history, ecology, flora, and fauna--fascinating to hikers and non-hikers alike Oregon's Ancient Forests is a guidebook with a purpose: to ... Logging will not prevent destructive wildfires. Oregon Democratic Sen. Ron Wyden co-sponsored the bill in September. But this view is flawed, and it doesn’t fit with strategic forest … A study published in the journal Fire concluded keeping old forests intact and allowing eucalypt forests to … Found inside – Page 501The Forest Service claims that salvage logging the burnt areas will reduce fire hazard . ... for community protection because wildland fuel reduction on public lands does not effectively reduce home ignitability on private lands . A global investigation into the surprising ways in which people and cultures relate to and engage with sharks includes coverage of Papua New Guinea's creation myths, the finning practices of mainland China and the counsel of a Miami shark ... In forest types where the fire regime was historically more severe, species like lodgepole pine often have cones that require heat to melt the … Incident Period: August 14, 2021, and continuing. U.S. (Wildland firefighters get time-and-a-half for overtime, plus an extra 25 percent boost in hazard pay.) These fires will easily pass 1 million acres of fires. In addition, fire can be rejuvenating. Atmospheric, climatic and ecological controls on extreme wildfire years in the northwestern United States. Controlled burns can also reduce insect populations and destroy invasive plants. Unless people reduce greenhouse gas emissions, climate change will significantly increase the frequency of wildfires. Rob Davis of The Oregonian/OregonLive contributed reporting. “From beginning to end I would keep the focus on these two specific researchers and their BS study,” advised Nick Smith, a lobbyist for the national timber group American Forest Resources Council. Old-growth forest in East Gippsland. “It’s not really a complicated issue,” says Mark Finney, a 55-year-old research ecologist at the renowned Fire Lab, which is run by the Forest Service. Officials are worried the two fires could combine. California should prohibit clear-cutting to protect its people and towns from future tragedies. The fact is excessive fuel, and thus the fire hazard, can be reduced in three ways. The logging industry owns 14% of California’s forest land and makes money by removing the mature trees, not the kindling. Hint: It’s not because of raking. President Trump visited Paradise, Calif., Nov. 17 and suggested America could … This paper has been written to make an enormous threat known to the public. Removing brush and debris requires fire. Similarly, Blackmore and Vitousek (2000) found grazing in dry forest ecosystems of Hawaii to be an effective means to reduce continuity of fuels, fire intensity, and fire risk. In recent years, groups like the Nature Conservancy and the Wilderness Society have partnered with local communities to work toward developing cooperative efforts to thin underbrush, perform controlled burns, and create defensible space. Fires in Turkey burned 681 square miles this year, according to the European Forest Fire Information System. Opinion: Logging our forests is a misguided solution. Much of the area consumed by the Rice Ridge Fire had previously been logged. Chad Hanson, an ecologist and director of the California-based John Muir Project, says the Forest Service’s scientists “are under a lot of pressure to not say things that contradict the Forest Service’s management program.” He holds that we should simply create defensible space around communities—essentially, massive fire breaks clear of fuel—but otherwise keep logging to a minimum and let large wildfires burn. Arkansas Rep. Bruce Westerman is pushing a bill that would limit environmental groups’ ability to seek injunctions and exclude Forest Service land under 10,000 acres from environmental assessments under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), opening up a vast amount of land to industry. But for the last 100 years, the US Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies put out most fires, resulting in the accumulation of wood fuel. In June 2017, wildfires ravaged five states, aided by gusty winds and scorching summer temperatures.Your home doesn’t have to be nestled near the woods to be at risk of damage from wildfires and forest fires; out-of-control fires fueled by the “perfect storm” of weather conditions can … Homes most often ignite from flying embers, not flames, and research from the U.S. Geological Survey found vegetation levels on public lands were a poor predictor of home destruction in a wildfire. Throughout the past few decades, wildfires have caused devastating damage to widespread regions. California timber industry may be a ‘piece of the puzzle’ to help reduce state’s raging wildfires. A young tree plantation on private land south of the McKenzie River did not survive the Holiday Farm Fire. “Extreme environmental conditions … overwhelmed most fuel treatment effects…. Colorado's forests are at risk to forest health problems and catastrophic fire. OPB’s critical reporting and inspiring programs are made possible by the power of member support. Mechanical thinning and logging serve different purposes. Both approaches can reduce fire risk in the Sierra’s mixed-conifer forests, and both usually require heavy equipment, access roads, and expertise in forest dynamics. First, is to use mechanical thinning of vegetation and logging. In June 2017, wildfires ravaged five states, aided by gusty winds and scorching summer temperatures.Your home doesn’t have to be nestled near the woods to be at risk of damage from wildfires and forest fires; out-of-control fires fueled by the “perfect storm” of weather conditions can … Catastrophic Wildfires Do Bad Things.” The campaign aims to “build a high-quality, on-line community of activists who will advocate for the industry to policymakers and elected officials,” according to an internal strategy document obtained by OPB, ProPublica and The Oregonian/OregonLive. In Scorched Earth, Barker, an environmental reporter who was on the ground and in the smoke during the 1988 fires, shows us that many of today's arguments over fire and the nature of public land began to take shape soon after the Civil War. How Can America Wake Up From Its Post-9/11 Nightmare? For years the State of California has destroyed the lumber industry. Project FireFight South East Asia, Bogor, Indonesia, 62p Caldor Fire. Logging also reduced rotten, large diameter fuel loads by up to 24 Mg/ha between 20 and 39 years after wildfire. Fact: Harvesting trees does not cause deforestation. The risk of fires in the United States can be reduced through sustainable practices such as selective logging and helicopter logging. He expects a debate over how much state funding should go toward fireproofing private residences. This information will help you formulate and implement strategies for achieving your personal goals as a landowner. The series provides an introduction to the lifelong study of forest stewardship that is part of owning forest property. The idea of managing forests to prevent wildfires began gaining popularity in the 1990s, after logging on public lands plummeted following court battles that led to protections for threatened species like the northern spotted owl. Logging also reduced rotten, large diameter fuel loads by up to 24 Mg/ha between 20 and 39 years after wildfire. In the last analysis, the politics of forest thinning promotes more logging. A kilometer (0.6 mi) of road in 1 km 2 (250 acres) of forest represents a 0.5% loss in area and removal from productivity. Logging doesn’t eliminate the underbrush, twigs and tree needles that fire feeds on. Extreme winds drove fires across federal forest and industrial timber plantations, down through canyons and into populated areas like Sam Drevo’s community of Gates, about 45 minutes east of Salem. Why Finland is so good at handling forest fires. According to Armenteras, ... “It is imperative to reduce forest fires,” Armenteras says. Outside Finney’s office, white government pickups and the camo Humvees of the National Guard zoomed around. Kate Brown on “Face the Nation” accused Republicans in the state Legislature of blocking measures, proposed by a wildfire council, that would have increased logging on public lands. The Forest Service justifies its plan by saying the area is overgrown and a fire danger, and that it includes creating a firebreak 12 miles long and as much as a … George Wuerthner has published 36 books including Wildfire: A Century of Failed Forest Policy. A Deadly Concentration Of Wealth In End Times Pre Determined? References: Archer, S. 1999. The council’s most expensive recommendation called for the state to spend $4 billion over the next 20 years on forest management, primarily on thinning. Get access to more than 30 brands, premium video, exclusive content, events, mapping, and more. included increasing the state’s firefighting capacity, creating a buffer around homes and requiring electric companies to shut down power lines during high winds. Wildfire Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, one of nine volumes in the Elsevier Hazards and Disasters series, provides a close and detailed examination of wildfires and measures for more thorough and accurate monitoring, prediction, ... Fire prevention is the excuse used to justify these sales. That includes “prescribed fire,” using drip torches to safely burn across the forest floor during cooler weather. produce oxygen, provide freshwater and habitat, help reduce fire risk (in the tropics), and produce wood and non-wood forest products. For a state with dearly held notions of rugged individualism, Montana feeds pretty vigorously from the government’s trough. It's the balance of growth and decay. The Klondike Fire is one of several fires raging in southern Oregon, igniting more than 30,000 acres of protected forest and covering nearby towns with smoke and ash. In Greece , fires tore through 424 square miles, and in Italy , … This article was produced in partnership with the ProPublica Local Reporting Network. In fact, private lands that were clear-cut in the past five years, with thousands of trees removed at once, burned slightly hotter than federal lands, on average. The fires are burning hotter and more intense, ... Logs come out of the forest in one of two ways: ... Jobs matter, and logging has long been a cornerstone of … Join Outside+ to get Outside magazine, access to exclusive content, 1,000s of training plans, and more. Always Have a Fire Extinguisher On-Hand. Most natural fires are usually monitored and allowed to burn, with the aim of balancing a forest's ecology. Throughout the past few decades, wildfires have caused devastating damage to widespread regions. Sixteen essays on the highlights and valuable information from a thousand books reviewed by David Wineberg. In the last analysis, the politics of forest thinning promotes more logging. This included almost all treatment methods including prescribed burning and thinning…. Lacking it, we might simply be able to expect more invasions of the cavalry. Controlled burning, also called prescribed burning or prescribed fire, is a method of lighting a fire in a specific area after careful planning and under safe, controlled conditions. Recommendations have been made to increase logging as fuel reduction and decrease forest protections before wildland fire can be more extensively reintroduced on … The answer is alarming: The Forest Service fights fires not to protect forest eco-systems but to prevent wildfires from reducing the commodity value of forest stands … Logging effects on fire regimes D.B.Lindenmayeretal. The truth is that the responsibility for avoiding disasters lies not with the Forest Service, but with individual private landowners, and county commissioners who continuously approve new subdivisions in the Wildlands Urban interface. Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke, whose seat Gianforte filled, has written a memo advocating for “aggressive and scientific fuels reduction management”—longhand for getting the cut out. She blamed “people who don’t live here who have frivolous lawsuits.” And: “The owl or slug or whatever.”. Fuels reduction efforts like this are especially effective in areas where historic management practices, including fire suppression, grazing and harvesting, caused extensive changes in forest vegetation. Fires on private industrial timberlands can be more quickly suppressed because firefighters have more access through roads, making data that shows the intensity or severity of fires an incomplete metric for damage, industry groups said. In 2018, Dunn co-authored a study with Humboldt State University’s Harold Zald that found the 2013 Douglas Complex Fire in southern Oregon burned 30% more severely on private industrial timber plantations than on federal forestlands. He is also wrong on forest fires, their causes and what logging will or won’t do to prevent wildfires. “That kind of management clearly didn’t provide community protection,” said Dunn, who spent eight years as a wildland firefighter. This week, at a meeting with an oil and gas group, Zinke reportedly said that President Donald Trump wants expedited permits for drilling and logging as of “yesterday.”, This strategy is unsurprising—politicians tend to think in electoral rather than ecological cycles. “But if you have a misperception of what the problem is, if you continually define it as a wildfire control problem, then that money largely goes into ineffective kinds of uses.”. During our meeting, Finney tells me we need “about five times” more acreage to burn per year than we see on average. The 28,000-acre Liberty Fire, near Arlee, Montana, cost the federal and state government $20 million; the Lolo Peak Fire (53,900 acres) cost $48 million; the Rice Ridge Fire, by Seeley Lake, $47 million. Harvesting fire-killed trees as soon as possible following fire is often called salvage. The obvious reason and what the research shows is that climate/weather is the dominant factor in all large … The institute’s opinion piece ran nearly two months after the study was published, under the heading “Replanted forests don’t increase intensity of wildfire.”. The bill, which also includes prescribed burning and funding for home construction, would provide additional exemptions on environmental and legal reviews for logging to help mitigate wildfire. Politicians stumped about the need to ramp up logging to … I suspect many in the Forest Service, and especially firefighters, know this, but the agency is continuously under attack from politicians, rural communities, and the timber industry to increase the amount of subsidized timber from federal lands. reduction and decrease forest protections before wildland fire can be more extensively reintro-duced on the landscape after decades of fire sup-pression (USDA … Forest management that selectively removes trees to reduce fire risk, among other objectives (a practice referred to as “fuel treatments”), can maintain … I f you’re wondering why California fires are getting worse, the answer might come as a surprise: although science shows that climate change is driving the increasing severity, over 90% of forest fires in the United States are caused by humans and many of them can be prevented. But cooperative efforts are now being drowned out by a war of words between Montana’s politicians and its more litigious environmental groups, raising the prospect of another round of timber wars—the court battles between activists and industry that fractured Montana in the 1990s. As we explained last year, forest management techniques, including tree thinning and prescribed fires, can be helpful to reduce the severity of some wildfires. (1989)reported that grazing by goats effectively reduced 1- and 10-hour fuel load in coastal forest areas of California. Dunn said no one from the industry reached out to him before criticizing his findings. “The harder we fight,” Finney says, “the worse it gets, and the more we have to fight.”. Most logging mills had to shut, because the State would not allow enough logs to keep them open. Guess What Your Gift Is? Trust me these forest rakes and logging would have prevented the devastating fires we see now.” The economics of responsible forest management, given the … Dunn said the research wasn’t intended to target the timber industry. frame logging as the alternative to catastrophic wildfires, The fight over trees, owls and the natural world that tore the Northwest apart, won’t prevent destructive wildfires like the ones the state experienced this year, with the U.S. Forest Service and wildfire insurance industry, Santiam Canyon firestorm survivors return to survey the damage. Scientists with the U.S. Forest Service and wildfire insurance industry say adapting communities to withstand wildfire by clearing vegetation and using fire-resistant construction like closed eaves, covered vents and double-pane windows provide the best chance to prevent home losses. Politicians seem to think so—but it won't help unless it's accompanied by more fire, One recent day, I found myself up near Seeley Lake, Montana, an empty vacation community. Both Woodbury Fire in the Tonto National Forest… resist fire damage. The findings challenged a report by the Oregon Forest Resources Institute, a tax-funded forest education agency overseen by timber companies. Logging opens up the ecosystem for new plant growth. A forest that is thinned must then be purposely burned to reduce wildfire spread. Forestry and Ecology. The timber industry has successfully sold the idea that fuel reductions work and it has … Be a part of it! Most of those forestlands are in drier, remote areas prone to more frequent fire, compared with private forest lands. Restoring Forests . “More important is how the fire spreads and how easy it is to control,” Duncan said in an email. “You look at what happened in my little microcosm,” Drevo said, “and the fact that there was an area that was heavily logged, and it was a huge inferno that helped add to the destruction of our community.”, Related: Santiam Canyon firestorm survivors return to survey the damage. The nearby Taylor Fire has engulfed more than 41,000 acres, including protected woods. Days after the September fires wreaked havoc in Oregon communities, Congress had a hearing on a comprehensive wildfire bill. Blazes under such conditions regularly burn through fuel treatments — even clearcuts. It’s just really hard to cope with that.”. Flames in Our Forest explains those problems and presents viable solutions to them. Episoide 1 in the John Muir Project series, "Fireside Chats: Forest, Fire, and Climate Science. Prescribed early-season burns in the savanna to avoid higher emissions from late-season burns. You can sign up for The Oregonian/OregonLive special projects newsletter here and OPB’s newsletter here. Preventing and Fighting Forest Fires. In response to emailed questions, Smith said he took issue with the researchers' “broad policy conclusions” and thought the study didn’t contribute much to the protection of forest values or communities. “There’s a better way than to battle it out in court,” says Jordan Reeves, of the Wilderness Society. The first part, forest growth, is now shown on the chart as the lower dotted line. OSU fire researcher Chris Dunn examines a several-hundred-year-old Douglas fir that stood at the entrance of Delta Campground on the McKenzie River. Suppression efforts had little benefit from fuel modifications.”, “It may not be necessary or effective to treat fuels in adjacent areas in order to suppress fires before they reach homes; rather, it is the treatment of the fuels immediately proximate to the residences, and the degree to which the residential structures themselves can ignite that determine if the residences are vulnerable.”, “The majority of acreage burned by wildfire in the US occurs in a very few wildfires under extreme conditions (Strauss et al., 1989; Brookings Institution, 2005). The Forest Service solution to large wildfires is more logging, but this prescription ignores the growing body of scientific research that suggests that logging/thinning/prescribed burning does not work under severe fire conditions. It’s more fire of a different kind.”. Drevo, who didn’t learn he could fortify his home until it burned down, said politicians should focus on making communities more fire-resistant. Most logging mills had to shut, because the State would not allow enough logs to keep them open. Rehabilitating Forests. For years the State of California has destroyed the lumber industry. Our study suggests that post-fire logging can … This text is ideal for entomology and forestry courses, and is aimed at scientists, faculty members, forest managers, practitioners of biological control of insect pests, mycologists interested in bark beetle-fungal associations, and ... Many forests are so overgrown, fire ecologists and land managers fear burning them without logging first would likely result in a danger to the public or a forest burned too severely. Another key point is that most thinning and other fire hazard reduction does not typically yield trees and other forest byproducts with economic value. The state of Washington is moving to aggressively thin forests to reduce the worsening wildfire risk. Caroline Harris, Menlo Park. To hear the scientists tell it, logging itself won’t offer much benefit unless we start making better use of prescribed fire. The logging would reduce wildfires and costs of wildfire suppression while protecting nearby communities, a strategy that federal agencies have failed to recognize, she said. Choose fire-resistant plants. But, as we saw in the 2013 fire near Yosemite, known as the Rim Fire and one of the largest in California history, commercial logging and the clear-cutting of … A recently logged hillside burns on Potato Hill just outside the community of Gates, Ore., during the 2020 Labor Day fires. Does this seem like common sense? It’s hard to believe what just happened,” said Drevo, a 44-year-old river guide. In fact, logging activities often increase a forest’s fire risk, the … She was looking for a target for her frustrations and focused it on too-thick forests. OPB is a member of the ProPublica Local Reporting Network. Vegetation may also be burned occasionally in order to balance species. This article was produced in partnership with OPB and The Oregonian/OregonLive. As a consumer, you can help reduce the demand for more logging (especially illegal logging) by ensuring that you only purchase products which are certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). Removal of litter reduces the intensity of future fires by decreasing the fuel load so that devastating crown fires that kill all plant life in their path can be avoided. Matt Donegan, a former timber investor and consultant who led Brown’s Wildfire Response Council, acknowledged thinning may not be effective in the rainy forests of western Oregon because the trees would grow back before wildfire. These forests face many threats, including wildland fire, invasive species, pests and disease, and the permanent loss of working forest land to non-forest uses. 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